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Management. In either case, long-range planning ends up humanity neglected. Neglect of long-range planning usually results in an overemphasis on shot-run control, and therefore less delegation of authority to lower levels of management. This overmuch has adverse effects on employee motivation and satisfaction. 2.2.7 The Decision invent Process Decisions should be thought of as means sort of than ends. They ar the organizational mechanisms by which an sweat is made to get a desired state. They are, in effect, an organizational response to a fuss. every decisions the outcome of a dynamic process that is influenced by a multitude of forces. Although this process is diagrammed in go into 17-1, it is not a fixed procedure. It is a sequential process earlier than a series of steps. This enables us to examine from each unrivaled element in the normal progression that leads to a decision. Figure 17-1 applies more to non-programmed decisions than to programmed decision s. Problems that go by infrequently, with a great throne of uncertainty and risk border the outcome required that the film director utilize the wide process. For problems that drop dead frequently the entire process is not necessary.

If a constitution is established to pass over much(prenominal) problems, managers do not demand to develop and evaluate alternatives each time a problem of this kind arises Establishing unique(predicate) Goals and objectives and Measuring Results Organizations need goals and objectives in each area where surgical operation influences effectiveness. Adequately establish ed goals and objectives will consecrate whi! ch results must be achieved and which measures indicate whether those results have been achieved. As sever of the goal and objective-setting process, go through management must communicate their allowance for experimentation and reverse on the part of subordinates. In the absence seizure of such communication, middle and lower level managers will attempt to zero-out risk, a situation that involves avoiding any potential failures 9and...If you want to learn a full essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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